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Prescription opioid use: Patient characteristics and misuse in community pharmacy.

April 27, 2016 03:19

Prescription opioid use: Patient characteristics and misuse in community pharmacy.

http:--linkinghub.elsevier.com-ihub-imagRelated Articles

Prescription opioid use: Patient characteristics and misuse in community pharmacy.

J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2016 Mar 24;

Authors: Cochran G, Bacci JL, Ylioja T, Hruschak V, Miller S, Seybert AL, Tarter R

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Opioid pain medication misuse is a major concern for US public health. The purpose of this article is to: 1) describe the demographic and physical, behavioral, and mental health characteristics of patients who fill opioid medications in community pharmacy settings; and 2) describe the extent of opioid medication misuse behaviors among these patients.

DESIGN: We recruited and screened a convenience sample of patients with the use of a tablet computer-based assessment protocol that examined behavioral, mental, and physical health. Descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated to describe respondents and their opioid medication misuse and health characteristics.

SETTING: Patients were screened in two urban and two rural community pharmacies in southwestern Pennsylvania.

PARTICIPANTS: Survey participants were adult patients filling opioid pain medications who were not currently receiving treatment for a cancer diagnosis.

INTERVENTION: None.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Validated screening measures included the: Prescription Opioid Misuse Index, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test C, Short Form 12, Drug Abuse Screening Test 10, Primary Care Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) screen, and the Patient Health Questionnaire 2.

RESULTS: A total of 333 patients were screened (71.2% response rate). Nearly the entire population reported pain above and general health below national norms. Hydrocodone (19.2%) and morphine (20.8%) were found to be the medications with the highest rates of misuse-with hydrocodone having more than four times higher odds of misuse compared with other medications (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 4.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1-17.4). Patients with positive screens for illicit drug use (AOR 8.07, 95% CI 2.7-24.0), PTSD (AOR 5.88, 95% CI 2.3-14.7), and depression (AOR 2.44, 95% CI 1.0-5.9) also had significantly higher odds for misuse compared with those with negative screening results.

CONCLUSION: These findings provide important foundational data that suggest implementation of regular opioid misuse screening protocols within community pharmacies. Such screening activities could foster a culture of prevention and overall reduction for misuse among patients filling opioid medications in community pharmacies.

PMID: 27053277 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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